Major points in Philosophy

Philosophy means lover of wisdom from the Greek word “philo” – love, and “Sophia” – wisdom. Philosophy used intricate issues from all facets of life. It has 5 main branches, first is logic~ study correct reasoning, second epistemology~ study the nature of knowledge, third metaphysics~ study the nature of existence, fourth aesthetics~ study the nature of beauty, and fifth moral philosophy(ethics) ~ study the nature of moral judgment. The ethics has its sub-division such as the following: meta-ethics (basis of moral judgment), normative ethics (content of moral judgment), and applied ethics (application of moral judgment).

Another is that the topic about the similarities and differences between science and philosophy. Science and philosophy work on different methods. Science empirically-based hypothesis testing/ scientific method while philosophy is through reason-based logical analysis. According to my resources science had been parts of the philosophy.

A topic about the greatest philosophers were also tackled like Protagoras “the father of Sophistry”, Protagoras in his axiom “man is the measure of all things”, Socrates, Plato, Aristotle, and many more. All of them had been part of the growth of Philosophy and ethics, and also there were all known as the greatest philosophers in the field of this study.

During the preliminary period, we also tackled about the different Faces of Relativism. Relativism is the only position of universal truths or beliefs in life. There are five relativism that was discussed by our professor in Philosophy and Ethics such as Cultural Relativism, Conceptual Relativism, Constructive Relativism, Postmodernism, and New Relativism. Cultural Relativism talks about the culture itself, that there were no right and wrong because we do have different beliefs that we believe in. Second, Conceptual Relativism is about the individual concepts or perceptions in life. They have different schemes, scientific paradigms and framework that they follow. Third, Constructive Relativism talks about the scientific studies; it does have its own basis of study. Fourth, Post Modernism is all about the power relations, we go on with others higher degrees of perception. Lastly, New Relativism also known as truth relativism, it shows talked about the relativism itself that’s why we should be the one to be responsible to understand its definition.